Modernization and upgrade for alstom nuclear steam turbines in steam turbines for several customers in belgium, sweden, and us parts on ansaldo f gas turbine in greece ansaldo parts and repair on ansaldo 2000e gas turbines in south asia overhaul on ge steam turbine and generator in new zealand. Steam turbine a steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into useful mechanical work. Steam expands as it passes through the nozzles, where its pressure drops and its. Ansaldo energia steam turbine and electric generator. Since then turbines based on these principles have evolved in parallel and in fact merged to some degree. In noncondensing turbines or backpressure turbines, steam exhausts at a pressure greater than. A steam backpressure turbine is a device that converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical work.
Preliminary study of a framepreliminary study of a frameframe for a two module for a two module turbine systemturbine system. This service generally calls for a backpressure noncondensing steam turbine. Control of lube oil pressure and temperature, as well as rotor axial displacement and eccentricity is necessary. Specific details regarding these studies and programs can be found in the appendix. Intercooling, reheat, heatrecovery exchanger, example 4, combined cycles with heatrecovery boilers, example 5, tutorial sheet6. Schematic diagram of 200 mw unit 8 construction of the steam generator is carried out in two distinct bodies, symmetrical with the axis of the group, operating in parallel to the k2001 steam turbine.
For a steam turbinegenerator to operate at its optimum level of thermal. Both impulse and reaction turbines have steam inlet nozzles. Following figures show steam process in steam turbine. It is always necessary to check whether lube oil pumps has started and whether all bearings are supplied with oil. Applications of steam turbines power generation transport 4. A steam turbine fundamentally consists of a rotor carrying blades, the casing in which the rotor turns, and the nozzles through which the steam is allowed to expand. Impulse turbines an impulse turbine uses the impact force of the steam jet on the blades to turn the shaft. The most popular lubrication products are mineral oil based fluids with a. As one of the three main units in thermal power plant, steam turbine, whose rotor is in speed rotation high under high temperature and high pressure steam, com. Definition a steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of the steam is transformed into kinetic energy and later in its turn is transformed into the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine shaft. Master thesis department of management and engineering liuieiteka1101048se. So that introduced us to that tool at the same time.
The steam that escapes the turbine passes through the condenser to cool down and turn back into liquid form. Temperature control is important for preventing excessive temperature in the turbine. Steam process in steam turbine steam entrance to turbine through governor valv e to control steam capacity and therefore to control turbine speed. Operation and maintenance power and utility services. When the steam turbine used for long time, the steam path is deteriorated, and both output and efficiency of the turbine will decrease.
Turbine losses 5 116 hiope the nozzle and bucket profiles have been manufactured with a specified surface finish and with strict tolerance. How steam backpressure turbines work first, the heat energy of the steam. It evaporates into steam which is expanded in a turbine where mechanical power is generated. Increase efficiency of steam power plants industry today. Steam for turbine is provided by pp330140p55 type steam generator, a oncethrough coalfired boiler 8.
The ideal brayton cycle, example 1, the actual simple gas turbine cycle, example 2, splitting the turbine, example 3, modification to the basic cycle. Preliminary study of a frame for a two module turbine system. Study on gasfired combined cycle power plant project in. The rotor is fitted inside the casing with the rows of moving blades penetrating between the rows of fixed blades. In the second part of this series, the author talked about the story of the first little toy turbine. It provides an oil film it removes heat generated in the bearings. This is compared with a reference speed, governor whose main activity is to control the speed of the steam by closing and opening of the control valve ie if the differential speed is low,then the control valve is opened to let out the steam at high speed, thereby increasing turbine. Thus steam flowing through the turbine passes alternately through fixed and moving. It boils the water so that it can turn into steam and move the turbine. An electronic governing system can provide instantaneous data on the turbine s. Course 234 turbine and auxiliaries module seven approval issue pagel8 7.
Powerpoint presentation on steam turbine powerpoint. Figure 4 shows steam process in enthalpy against entropy diagram of curtis and single row rateau turbine. Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended on 31 december 2018. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter4 steam turbine. A combined cycle power plant consists of gas turbines, heat recovery steam generators, steam turbines and power generators. Parsons main thrust for the steam turbine was for generating electrical power, but he also had his eyes on applying the steam turbine to drive ships of all kinds. Pdf technical analysis of conversion of a steam power plant to. This new second edition offers authoritative information on the operating characteristics, design features, reliability, and maintenance of all steam turbines. Guidance on the preservation and recommissioning of existing combined cycle gas turbine ccgt plant first edition june 2017 published by energy institute, london. It delivers more detailed and effective financial management processes while enhancing clarity. A steam turbine is a prime mover which converts heat energy into mechanical energy in a conventional steam turbines cycle, water is used as the working fluid.
Details of the project components and cost are provided in the table 3 below. Recall that this energy originates from heat the less beat thatisavailable per kilogram ofsteam, the slower the steam flows. Because up to 70% of outages planned for steam power plants involve work on the turbine, power producers continually seek ways to optimize operation and maintenance activities on aging turbine generator fleets. There are two classical types of turbine stage designs. Steam turbine and gas turbine generators may use upwards of 20,000 gallons 75,700 liters of oil for lubrication, control, and cooling. Steam turbines consist essentially of a casing to which stationary blades are fixed on the inside and a rotor carrying moving blades on the periphery. Pdf due to long life of steam power plants in iran, transformation of steam cycles to.
In the following examples, all financial costs are based upon an 80. The steam inlet nozzles are arranged in several groups with all but the main group having control valves. State thedifference between latchedand unlatchedronbacks. The essential parts of all steam turbines consist of nozzles or jets through which the steam can flow and expand. Consider steam turbine drives for rotating equipment steam turbines are well suited as prime movers for driving boiler feedwater pumps, forced or induceddraft fans, blowers, air compressors, and other rotating equipment. Steam turbine gets heat energy in the form of superheated steam from steam generator. In addition, there are blades, on which high pressure steam is exerted. Now what i want you to do is sketch for me what this process looks like as the steam enters the turbine at state 1. Development of new high efficiency steam turbine mitsubishi heavy industries, ltd. Turbine generator lube oil fires turbine generator lube oil fires represent the highest electric generating facility fire risk background.
Exchangium is a one stop shop for customers focused on power industry products and services including gas, steam, wind and hydro turbines and generators. The latest design and manufacturing details in mechanical drive steam turbines steam turbines shows how to select, improve, operate, and maintain highquality mechanical drive steam turbines with maximum efficiency and minimum downtime. Official pdf, 63 pages world bank documents world bank group. Buy and sell new or used power generation or industrial parts and equipment like turbines, generators, blade rings, power plants or services like maintenance and upgrades. The basic element in a turbine is a wheel or rotor with addles, propellers, blades, or buckets arranged on its circumference in. Designation quantity note and additional information 1 2 turbine type, figure 3 rateau stages 3 condensing turbine 4 required condition 5 6 driven equipment syngas compressor 7p kw5780 8 n rpm 10200 9 pi bar a 40 10 ti c 400 11 po bar a 0. Designation quantity note and additional information 1. The flow pattern in a turbine stage depends on the steam velocity, and hence, its kinetic energy. We did this by looking up the information we needed in the steam tables. The plant can reuse the same water over and over again. Mhi has developed new high performance turbine blades reaction blades, impulse blades, and lp end blades and high performance seals, as new technologies that remarkably improve the performance of steam turbines. Consider steam turbine drives for rotating equipment. Guidance on the preservation and recommissioning of. Take the steam turbine training and be able to state the purpose of steam turbine, describe major components and explain the theory of operation.
The executive summary of the esa was disclosed in local. Another variation of the steam turbine topping cycle cogeneration system is the extractionback. This article focuses on marine steam turbines and their applications. The motive power in a steam turbine is obtained by the rate of change in momentum of a high velocity jet of steam impinging on a curved blade which is free to. The turbine control system tcs or turbine governor tg.
In this way the power produced by the turbine can be varied. This study, study on gasfired combined cycle power plant project in malaysia, was made in order to examine the viability of the project to construct 1,000mw to 1,400mw high efficient gasfired combined cycle power plant by using natural gas which produced in malaysia. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter6 gas turbines. The notes for ph8253 is available in pdf format to download. Steam turbines startups 171 prior to switching on the turning gear, oil system is started up. Turbine is a rotary engine that converts the energy of a moving stream of water, steam, or gas into mechanical energy. The valve management function also performs valve characterization to related valve position to steam flow so that the valve transfers can be performed without a change in load. Steam turbines generators and auxiliary systems program 65.
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